状 语 从 句状语从句在复合句中作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句可以表示时间、条件、原因、地点、目的、结果、让步、方式、比较等意义。一、时间状语从句1 引导词when/ while当时候,as soon as（一就）,since（自以来）,until/till（直到）,after（在之后）,before（在之前）2“主将从现”结构3 until 的用法a.当主句是肯定句时，until/till表示“直到”（主句动作常为延续性动作，而从句常为短暂性动作）。例He will stay here until his parents come back.他一直待到他的父亲回来。b.当主句是否定句时，构成句式notuntil，意为“直到才（主句动作常为短暂性动作）。
例He will not go to bed until his parents come back.直到父母回来，他才回去睡觉。（4）when和while的区别when既可以指时间点,与瞬间动词连用，如 When he came in,his mother was cooking.while 从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。
如Please dont talk so loud while others are working.例1.---I hope youll enjoy your trip,dear ---Thank you,mum.Ill give you a call _________ I get there.A.until B.as soon as C.since例2.None of us knew what had happened _________ they told us about it.A.when B.until C.after D.though例3.Im sure.He will jump when he _________the good news.A.learn about B.will learn about C.learns about例4.The children _________a P.E.class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.A.have B.are having C.were having 练 习1.I was watching the show on TV _____the telephone rang.A .when B.while C.as soon as2.Jim was reading _________his sister was writing.A.when B while C before 3.Peter likes reading a newspaper ______he is having breakfast.A.while B.until C.because 4.You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.A.before B.after C.when 5.Lucy knew nothing about it _________her sister told her.A.because B.until C.if 二、.条件状语从句1引导词if（如果）,as long as只要，unless（除非，如果不）2 “主将从现”结构3 if 的用法 if引导条件状语从句，表“如果”，主句若是一般将来时，从句中用一般现在时表示将来。引导的是条件状语从句；意为“是否”。例1.If I _____back tomorrow,I will tell you if we ____a trip together next weekend.A.come ;will come B.come; have C.will come ; will have 例2.You will stay healthy _______ you do more rcise,such as running and walking.A.if B.how C.before 例3.If I find his phone number,I _______you.A.tell B.told C.will tell 例4.----May I go to the concert with you----Im afraid not ______you have a ticket,because I have only one.A.since B.if C.unless 练 习1.---Jason wants to know if _________a school sports meeting tomorrow----Yes,we will.But if it _________,well have classes instead.A.will you have,rains B.you will have,rains C.you will have ,will rain2.---Do you know if he _______ to play basket ball with us ---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow.A.comes; is B.comes; will be C.will come; is 三、原因状语从句1引导词 as（由于）,because（因为），since（既然）2 because,since，as 的区别because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例1---Why arent going there --- I dont want to.例2 he has no car,he cant get there easily.例3 we have no money,we cant buy it.3because 不能与so连用。四、目的状语从句1 引导词so that以便，为了,in order that（为了）（2）从句与主句的主语一致时，可以换用so that to 后跟动词原形，in order to 后跟动词原形。例He got up early so that /in order that he could catch the bus.他早起是为了赶上公交车。He got up early so that to/in order to catch the bus.五、结果状语从句（1）引导词so所以,suchthat,sothat（如此以致于）（2）区别such是形容词，修饰名词; so 是副词，修饰形容词或副词。He is such a lovely boy that we all like him.He is so lovely a boy that we all like him.The story is so interesting that Ill never forget it .It is such an interesting story that Ill never forget it .六、让步状语从句1 引导词though/ although尽管，虽然,even if/though即使,whatever no matter what ,wheneverno matter when ,whereverno matter where,howeverno matter how 2 although/though 不能与but 连用例1 he is old,he works hard.A.although,but B.although,C.Because,so例2______well you drive ,you must drive carefully.A.No matter where B.In order that C.No matter how 巩 固 练 习1.Alan ran ______ fast ______ I couldnt follow him.A.too; to B.so; that C.as; to 2.Why didnt you go surfing last Sunday _________ I had a bad headache.A.Because B.Since C.For3.Its time to go to bed,Wang Ming.Mum,I have a lot of homework to do.I wont go to bed _______ I finish it.A.after B.until C.as soon as 4.We didnt catch the train __________ we got up late.A.so B.because C.until 5.The poor man ate a big breakfast _________ he said he wasnt hungry.A.since B.because C.though 6._____ they are brothers,they dont look like each other at all.A .Because B.Although C.When 7.Mr.Brown has worked in our school _________ he came here in 1990.A.when B.whether C.since 8.When will you tell him the good news I will tell him _________________.A.as soon as he comes back B.as soon as he came back C.as soon as he will come back9.You will be late _______ you leave immediately.A.unless B.until C.if 10.This dress is in last years style.I think it still looks perfect ________ it has gone out this year.A.so that B.even though C.as if 11.John fell asleep __________ he was listening to the music.A.after B.before C.while 12.The book was so interesting that he had read it for three hours _______ he realized it.A.unless B.if C.before13.I am waiting for my friend.________,I will go swimming alone.A.If he doesnt come B.If he wont come C.If he will come 14.The meeting didnt start___ everyone was there.A.because B.until C.why 15.The boy ___ to bed ___ his mother came in.A.went not; until B.didnt go; after C.didnt go; until16.Tom will call me as soon as he ___ Shanghai.A.arrives B.will reach C.arrives in 17.Im sure hell come to see me before he ___ Beijing.A.will leave B.is leaving C.leaves18.I will tell him the news as soon as he___ back.A.come B.comes C.will come 19.When he got to the station,the train ___ .A.left B.had left C.has left20.The boy told his father what he ___ in the street.A.saw B.have seen C.had seen 21.We ___ TV when the telephone ____.A.watched; was ringing B.were watching; rang C.are watching; rang22.By the end of last term,I___ ten books.A.had finished reading B.have finish reading C.had finish to read 23.I ___ him since I began to live in the city.A.know B.have known C.will know24.Betty didnt go to see the film yesterday ___ she was ill.A.because B.but C.until 25.May I sit nearer ___I can see more clearly A.as if B.so that C.even if 26.___ you work hard,you will certainly succeed.A.Though B.If C.Because 27.___ he came to study in the university,he has made much progress in the study of English.A.While B.After C.Since 28.Id like to go swimming _____ the water is not too cold.A.for B.unless C.if 29.You are sure to pass the exam ___ you study hard.A.if B.though C.that 30.Although it was raining,___ still worked in the fields.A.but they B.and they C.they 31.___ there were only five soldiers left at the front,___ they went on fighting.A.Because; so B.Though; but C.Though; /32.Lift it up ___I may see it.A.though B.so that C.as 33.We should go by bus ___ we can get there earlier.A .as soon as B.where C.in order that 34._______ hes old,he can still carry this heavy bag.A.Though B.Since C.For 35.---Do you know if he _____ to play basket ball with us ---I think he will come if he ____ free tomorrow.A.comes; is B.comes; will be C.will come; is 36.I was late for class yesterday ____ there was something wrong with my bike.A.when B.that C.because37.You should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play.A.before B.after C.when38.I hurried _____ I wouldnt be late for class.A.since B.so that C.as if 39.He took off his coat _______ he felt hot.A.because B.as C.if 40.It is ______ that wed like to go out for a walk.A.a lovely day B.such lovely a day C.so lovely a day 41._______ I felt very tired,I tried to finish the work.A.Although B.Because C.As 42.My brother is going to look for another job the company offers him more money.A.after B.when C.unless 43.Please remember to say goodbye to Mr Smith when you tomorrow.Sure.I will.A.leave B.will leave C.left 44.Why were you late for school this morning I missed the first bus.A.If B.As C.Because 45.Tom gave up his hope,he still had a chance.A.because B.though C.so 46.The man cant get on the bus because there _____ no room on it.A.was B.is C.are 47.I was listening to the music _____ there was a knock at the door.A.while B.when C.because 48.She was busy,_______ she couldnt go to your birthday party last night.A.and B.so C.or 49.English is ______ a useful language _____ it is spoken in many countries of the world.A.so...that B.such...that C.so...because 50.The light went out while we ______ supper.A.had B.had had C.were having 51._______ I came into the office,the teacher were having a meeting.A.While B.When C.Since52.Youll be late ____ you dont get up early tomorrow morning.A.if B.when C.until